Insects, Spiders, Millipedes, etc.
Please acknowledge the authors and source in any use of this information
Hastings has several data sets on the invertebrates seen on our reserve. This information has been collected over the years and is available in various data files.
Tardigrades (Water bears)
Never heard of a water bear? Well, they are very small, and very, very peculiar animals. Dr. Carl Johansson, from Fresno City College, spent some time at Hastings in late May (2007), collecting water bears. Carl and crew have that rare sense of appreciation for these tiny “water bears”. They are distinct enough to have earned placement by some in their own Phylum. How so? They require a good dissecting microscope to see, appear to be related to arthropods, are cute as buttons, but can be dried out entirely and not die. This “cryptobiotic state” allows them to get through the dry California summers. During the winters, they bob around in mosses, under lichens and in cracks of rocks, shingles, and detritus.
From 1937 to about 1970, people collected spiders at Hastings. In 1995, the spider collection was moved from Hastings to the California Academy of Science in San Franciso.
Family
Species Name
AGLENIDAE
Calilena angelena (Chamberlin & Ivie)
Calilena californica (Banks) (=Angelena c.)
Calilena nita (Chamberlin & Ivie)
Calilena stylophora (Chamberlin & Ivie)
AMAUROBIIDAE
Amaurobius sp. (=Walmus sp.)
Zanomys californica (Banks)
ANYPHAENIDAE
Anyphaena californica (Banks)
Anyphaena pacifica (Banks)
Hibana incursa (Chamberlin) (=Aysha i.)
ARANEIDAE
Aculepeira packardi (Thorell) (=Aranea p.; =Aculepeira veras)
“Aranea carbonaria Clerck” (=invalid name)
Araneus bispinosus (Keyserling) (=Aranea b.)
Araneus gemmoides Chamberlin & Ivie (=Aranea g.)
Araniella displicata (Hentz) (=Aranea d.)
Argiope trifasciata (Forskal)
Metepeira gosoga (Chamberlin & Ivie)
CLUBIONIDAE
Clubiona pomoa (Gertsch)
CORINNIDAE
Castianeira luctifera (Petrunkevitch)
Meriola californica (Banks)
DICTYNIDAE
Dictyna calcarata (Banks)
Dictyna saepei (Chamberlin & Ivie)
Emblyna olympiana (Chamberlin) (=Dictyna o.)
Emblyna oregona (Gertsch) (=Dictyna o.)
Emblyna saylori (Chamberlin & Ivie) (=Dictyna s.)
Mallos “linsdalei Chamberlin” (=manuscript name)
Mallos pallidus (Banks) (=M. eutypus)
Tricholathys monterea (Chamberlin & Gertsch)
FILISTATIDAE
Kukulcania geophila (Chamberlin & Ivie) (=Filistata g.)
GNAPHOSIDAE
Callilepis gosoga (Chamberlin & Gertsch)
Drassyllus “hermsi Gertsch” (=manuscript name)
Drassyllus insularis (Banks)
Drassyllus saphes (Chamberlin)
Gnaphosa californica (Banks)
Haplodrassus maculatus (Banks)
Herpyllus hesperolus (Chamberlin)
Herpyllus propinquus (Keyserling)
Micaria “electa Gertsch” (=manuscript name)
Sergiolus montanus (Emerton) (=Poecilochroa pacifica)
Trachyzelotes juxartensis (Kroneberg) (=Drassyllus barbaranus)
Zelotes discens Chamberlin (=Z. montereus)
LINYPHIIDAE
Neriene litigiosa (Keyserling)
LIOCRANIDAE
Phrurotimpus mateonus (Chamberlin & Gertsch)
Scotinella “linda Gertsch” (=manuscript name)
MIMETIDAE
Mimetus hesperus (Chamberlin)
MITURGIDAE
Cheiracanthium inclusum (Hentz) (=Chiracanthium i.)
OECOBIIDAE
Oecobius annulipes Lucas (=O. parietalis)
OXYOPIDAE
Oxyopes scalaris (Hentz)
PHILODROMIDAE
Tibellus chamberlini (Gertsch)
PHOLCIDAE
Pholcus phalangioides (Fuesslin)
Psilochorus bantus (Chamberlin & Ivie)
Psilochorus californicus (Chamberlin)
PLECTREURIDAE
Kibramoa suprenans (Chamberlin)
SALTICIDAE
Habronattus oregonensis (Peckham & Peckham)
Metacyrba taeniola (Hentz)
Metaphidippus manni (Peckham & Peckham) (=M. imperialis)
Metaphidippus vitis (Cockerell)
Phanias hartfordii (Peckham & Peckham) (=Metaphidippus h.)
Phidippus “carminipes Gertsch” (=manuscript name)
Phidippus femoratus Peckham & Peckham
Phidippus johnsoni (Peckham & Peckham) (=P. formosus)
Phidippus “montereus Gertsch” (=manuscript name)
Platycryptus californicus (Peckham & Peckham) (=Marpissa c.)
Salticus peckhamae (Cockerell)
Sassacus papenhoei (Peckham & Peckham)
TENGELLIDAE
Anachemmis sp. (=Liocranoides linsdalei, manuscript name)
Titiotus sp. (=Liocranoides linsleyi, manuscript name)
TETRAGNATHIDAE
Tetragnatha versicolor (Walckenaer)
THERIDIIDAE
Latrodectus hesperus Chamberlin & Ivie (=L. mactans)
Steatoda triangulosa (Walckenaer) (=Teutana t.)
Theridion leechi (Gertsch & Archer)
Theridion murarium (Emerton)
Theridion neomexicanum Banks (=T. placens)
THOMISIDAE
Coriarachne utahensis (Gertsch)
Diaea pictilis (Banks)
Misumenoides formosipes Walckenaer (=M. aleatorius)
Misumenops sp.
Tmarus angulatus (Walckenaer)
Xysticus californicus Keyserling (=X. cunctator)
Xysticus montanensis (Keyserling)
Xysticus pretiosus (Gertsch)
ULOBORIDAE
Uloborus diversus Marx (=U. californicus)
ZORIDAE
Zora hespera Corey & Mott (=Z. posti)
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INSECTS
In 2003 we moved a series of 7,000 microscope slides of insects to the Essig Museum at Berkeley. This information is available as an Excel file.
- Hastings Insects on microscope slides: 1940’s. Prepared by Betty Davis, Essig Museum, UCB (XLS)
- Hastings Insects in alcohol vials, curated by Essig Museum, UCB (Cheryl Barr) (XLS)
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The Pterophoroidea and Pyraloidea comprise an informal grade of moth taxa that includes the Ditrysian Lepidoptera, considered to be intermediate in evolutionary origin between the so-called Microlepidoptera and Macrolepidoptera (i. e., numbers 4703-6234 in the Hodges et al., 1983, Check List of the Lepidoptera of North America).
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Microlepidoptera comprise an informal grade of moth taxa. Essentially it includes a paraphyletic assemblage, or all the primitive higher taxa and the lower or more ancestral superfamilies of the Ditrysian Lepidoptera (numbers 1-3863 in the Hodges et al., 1983, Check List of the Lepidoptera of North America). There are about 1,675 species of these moths known in California, of which about 20% are recognized as undescribed.Learn More
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Bees of Hastings, Rev. list from Linsdale (1940’s) by R. Thorpe (2009)
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Listed below are the results of the 2008 Annual Butterfly Count (.xls) | P. Johnson, J. Powell and C. Tenney | June 7 2008. Does not include “Undetermined.” (This information is best viewed on desktop)
Download 2007 species count (xls)
Download 2008 species counts (xls)
Site Name & # Observed
GENUS
Species Name
Common Name
Hastings
Chew’s Ridge
Paloma Ck.
PAPILIO
P. rutulus
P. eurymedon
Western Tiger Swallowtail
Pale Swallowtail
8
3
–
–
4
2
PIERES
P. rapae
Cabbage White
–
3
8
PONTIA
P. protodice
Checkered White
–
–
13
COLIAS
C. eurytheme
C. curydice
Orange Sulfur
California Dogface
1
6
3
3
6
2
LYCAENA
L. arota
L. xanthoides
L. gorgon
Tailed Copper
Great Copper
Gorgon Copper
–
1
1
–
3
–
2
12
7
HABRDIAS
H. grunus
Golden Hairstreak
–
–
–
ATLIDES
A. halesus
Great Purple Hairstreak
–
–
–
SATYRIUM
S. californicum
S. sylvinus
S. auretorum
S. saepium
California Hairstreak
Sylvan Hairstreak
Golden-hunter’s Hairstreak
Hedgerow Hairstreak
9
5
–
–
–
–
–
–
4
6
1
–
CALLOPHRYS
C. d. dumetorum
C. augustinus
Bramble Hairstreak
Brown Elfin
–
1
–
15
–
5
STRYMON
S. melinus
Gray Hairstreak
1
1
4
CELASTRINA
C. l. ladon
Spring Spring Azure
24
55
24
EUPHILOTES
E. benardino
Square Spotted Blue
–
–
3
GLAUCOPSYCHE
G. lydamus
Silvery Blue
–
–
–
PLEBEJUS
P. icarioides
P. acmon
Boisduval’s Blue
Acmon Blue
–
31
7
16
–
56
SPEYERIA
S. coronis
S. callipe
S. adiaste
Coronis Fritillary
Callipe Fritillary
Unsilvered Fritillary
4
17
5
12
10
8
–
2
–
CHLOSYNE
C. lacinia
C. leanira
C. palla
Bordered Patch
Leanira Checkerspot
Northern Checkerspot
–
–
2
–
–
–
3
–
1
PHYCIODES
P. campestris
P. mylitta
Field Crescent
Myllita Crescent
1
11
–
6
–
15
EUPHYDRYAS
E. chalcidona
Variable Checkerspot
17
6
8
NYMPHALIS
N. californicus
California Tortoiseshell
–
6
8
VANESSA
V. cardui
Painted Lady
–
–
1
JUNONIA
J. coenia
Common Buckeye
4
–
–
LIMENITIS
L. lorquini
Lorquin’s Admiral
17
5
5
ADELPHA
A. bredowii
California Sister
28
7
6
COENONYMPHA
C. tullia
Common Ringlet
18
5
8
CERCYONIS
C. sthenele
Great-basin Wood Nymph
–
–
1
DANAUS
D. plexipus
Monarch
2
1
4
EPARGYREUS
E. clarus
Silver-spotted Skipper
–
7
–
THORYBES
T. pylades
Northern Cloudywing
1
1
–
ERYNNIS
E. propertius
E. tristis
E. pacuvius
E. funeralis
Propertius Duskywing
Mournful Duskywing
Pacuvius Duskywing
Funereal Duskywing
–
–
–
–
24
–
2
–
–
1
–
1
OCHLODES
O. agricola
Rural Skipper
–
3
4
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Formicidae (Ants) at Hastings Reserve
From Checklist of the Insects of Francis Simes – Hastings Natural History Reservation. Compiled by Jean Linsdale, c. 1945.
Family
Species Name
COMPONOTUS
C. maculatus bulimosus
C. maculatus maccooki
C. maculatus vicinus var. luteangulus
CREMATOGASTOR
C. coarctata
C. coarctata var. mormonum
DORYMYRMEX
D. pyramicus var. bicolor
FORMICA
F. rupibarbis var. accidua
F. pilicornis
LASIUS (ACANTHOMYOPS)
–
LEPTOTHORAX
–
LIOMETOPAM
L. occidentale
MYRMECOCYSTUS
–
PHEIDOLE
P. californicus
PGONOMYRMEX
P. subnitidus
PRENOLEPIS
P. impairs
P. impairs var. californica
PSEUDOMYRMA
–
SOLENOPSIS
S. molesta subsp. validiuscula
STENAMMA
–
STIGMATOMMA
S. pallipes
TAPINOMA
T. sessile
VEROMESSOR
V. andrei
V. stoddardi
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TARDIGRADES (WATER BEARS)
Never heard of a water bear? Well, they are very small, and very, very peculiar animals. Dr. Carl Johansson, from Fresno City College, spent some time at Hastings in late May (2007), collecting water bears. Carl and crew have that rare sense of appreciation for these tiny “water bears”. They are distinct enough to have earned placement by some in their own Phylum. How so? They require a good dissecting microscope to see, appear to be related to arthropods, are cute as buttons, but can be dried out entirely and not die. This “cryptobiotic state” allows them to get through the dry California summers. During the winters, they bob around in mosses, under lichens and in cracks of rocks, shingles, and detritus.
They are clumsy, creep awkwardly and their muscles are made of only one or a few cells. They bound around, putting food in a mouth where it enters a relatively typical invertebrate gut. Muscles are connected to an exoskeleton (dark lines in the sketch). They twitch the muscles that are attached to plates in their exoskeletons. They can bend and move their feet awkwardly. Some can live in salt water, but most need fresh water, or at least damp lichen. They have no lungs or gills; they must get oxygen through their skin. They make eggs that are often used by experts to identify different species. Most species lay 2-6 eggs. A pile of tardigrade eggs would be a small nest indeed. You never know; these little guys could be bouncing all over that lichen growing on your roof! See a list of Tardigrades seen at Hastings
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Selected Bibliography of Hastings Invertebrate Studies
Alexander, C. P. 1951. New or insufficiently-known crane-flies from the Nearctic region (Diptera: Tipulidae) Part XIV. Bull. Brookland Ent. Soc. 46:85-91. [Specimens provided]
Alexander, C. P.1967. The crane flies of California. Bull. Calif. Insect Survey 8. Univ. Calif. Press, Berkeley. 269 p. [Thousands of specimens provided]
Barthell, J. F. and J. M. H. Knops. 1997. Visitation of evening primrose by carpenter bees: evidence of a “mixed” pollination syndrome. Southwestern Naturalist 42:86-93 [Barthell, Knops residents].
Barthell, J. F., T. L. Griswold, R. W. Frankie, and R. T. Thorpe. 1997. Osmia (Hymenoptera:Megachilidae) diversity at a site in central coastal California. Pan-Pacific Entomologist 73:141-151. [Barthell, Frankie resident].
Barthell, J. F., T. L. Griswold, R. W. Frankie, and R. T. Thorpe. 1997. Osmia (Hymenoptera:Megachilidae) diversity at a site in central coastal California. Pan-Pacific Entomologist 73:141-151. [Barthell, Frankie resident].
Barthell, J. F., D. M. Bromberger, H. V. Daly and R. W. Thorp. 1999. Nesting biology of the Solitary Digger Bee Habropoda depressa (Hymenoptera: Anthophoridae) in urban and island environments. J. Kansas Entomological Society. 71(2):116-136
Cornell, H. V. 1983. The secondary chemistry and complex morphology of galls formed by the Cynipinae (Hymenoptera): why and how? Amer. Mid. Nat. 110:225-234. [Short-term resident during field phase of study]
Cornell, H. V. 1984. Geographic texture of herbivore richness patterns on host plants. Bull. Entomol. Soc. Amer. 30:6-15. [Short-term resident] 1985. Local and regional richness of cynipine gall wasps on California oaks. Ecology 66:1247-1260. [Short-term resident]
Cornell, H. V. 1985. Species assemblages of cynipid gall wasps are not saturated. Amer. Nat. 126:565-569. [Short-term resident] 1986. Oak species attributes and host size influence cynipine wasp species richness. Ecology 67:1582-1592. [Short-term resident]
Daly, H. V. 1988. Overview of the identifications of Africanized honey bees. In: Africanized Honey Bees and Bee Mites, ed. G. R. Needham, R. E. page, Jr., M. Delfinado-Baker, C. E. Bowman, pp 245-249. Chichester, England: Ellis Horwood Limited. Daly, H. V.
Daly, H. V. 1988. 1991. Systematics and identification of Africanized honey bees. In: The “African” Honey Bee. eds. M. Spivak, D.J.C. Fletcher, and M. Breed. pp 13-44. Westview Press, Boulder, Colorado.
Daly, H. V., K. Hoelmer, and P. Gambino. 1991. Clinal geographic variation in feral honey bees in California, USA Apidologie 22:591-609
Dickinson, J. L. 1992. Egg canibalism by larvae and adults of the milkweed leaf beetle (Labidomera clivicollis, Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Ecological Entomology 17:209-218.
Dickinson, J.L. 1994b. Tradeoffs between mate guarding and mate location in the blue milkweed beetle. Behavioral Ecology. 6:280-286.
Dickinson, J.L. 1994c. Multiple mating, sperm competition, and cryptic female choice in the leaf beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). In J.C. Choe and B.L. Crespi, eds., Social Competition and Cooperation in Insects and Arachnids: I. Evolution of Mating Systems. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Dickinson, J. L. 1996. The behavior and ecology of Labidomera Chevrolat (Chrysomelidae: Chrysomelinae) pp. 323-335 in Chrysomelidae Biology. Vol. 2. Ecological Studies (P.H.A. Jolivet and J. L. Cox, etc.) Academic Publishing, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Ferris, G. F. 1942. Some North American, rodent-infesting lice (Insecta: Anoplura). Microentomology 7: 39-42. [Specimens provided]
Gambino, P., K. Hoelmer, and H. V. Daly. 1990. Nest sites of feral honey bees in California, USA. Apidologie 21: 35-45.
Holland, G. P. 1957. Notes on the genus Hystrichopsylla Rothschild in the New World, with descriptions of one new species and two new subspecies (Siphonaptera: Hystrichopsyllidae). Canadian Entomol. 89:309-324. [Specimens provided]
Jellison, W. L. 1940. Siphonaptera : notes on two California species. Publ. Health Repts. 55:489-492. [Specimens provided]
Koenig, W. D. and S. S. Albano.1987. Lifetime reproductive success, selection, and the opportunity for selection in the white-tailed skimmer Plathemis lydia (Odonata: Libellulidae). Evolution 41:22-36. [Koenig & Albano residents, pond provided by Oak Ridge Ranch]
Linsdale, J. M. and B. S. Davis. 1956. Taxonomic appraisal and occurrence of fleas at the Hastings Reservation in central California. Univ. Calif. Publ. Zool. 54:293-370.
Lindsey, E. G. 1939. Some new genera and species of epeoline and nomadine bees. Pan-Pac. Ent. 15:1-11. [Specimens provided, Resident]
Lindsey, E. G. 1941. Additional observations and descriptions of some species of Pleocoma (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae). Pan-Pac. Ent. 17:145-152.[Specimens provided, Resident]
Michener, C. D. 1941. A synopsis of the genus Trachusa with notes on the nesting habits of T. perdita (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae). Pan-Pac. Ent. 17:119-125. [Field facilities, housing provided]
Michener, C. D. 1947. A revision of the American species of Hoplitis (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae). Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 89:263-317.[Specimens provided]
Thorpe, R. W., G.W. Frankie, J. Barthell, D. Gordon, L. Newstrom, T. Griswold, J. Shcmidt and S. Thoenes. 1992. Long term studies to gauge effects of invading bees. Cal. Ag. 46:20-23. [J. Barthell resident]
White, B. E. 1939. A new species of Acmaeodera (Coleoptera-Buprestidae) with biological notes on others from Santa Barbara county, California. Paratype of Acmaeodera holsteni . Pan-Pac. Ent. 15:69-75. [Specimens provided]
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You can find recent sightings of arthropods on our iNaturalist page.